Saturday, 19 February 2011

Word of the day: Syzygy

Today's word is beloved of crossword setters. What could possibly fit _ y _ y _ y?
syzygy (ˈsɪzɪdʒɪ)
1. Astronomy. an alignment of three celestial objects, such as the sun, the earth, and either the moon or a planet: Syzygy in the sun-earth-moon system occurs at the time of full moon and new moon. 2. Classical Prosody . a group or combination of two feet, sometimes restricted to a combination of two feet of different kinds. 3. any two related things, either alike or opposite. 4. Biology . the aggregation in a mass of certain protozoans, esp when occurring before sexual reproduction.
Origin 1650-60 from Late Latin syzygia, from Greek syzygos yoked together, from syn- + zugon a yoke.
On Saturdays at None we recite Psalm 85. Once upon a time, I read or heard that the second half (verses 8-13) were adapted from a Babylonian hymn, and incorporates Babylonian astronomy. I wish I could remember the source. But for example, the verse "Mercy and truth are met together; righteousness and peace will kiss each other." (Psalm 85:10; Common Worship) could originally have described two conjunctions between stars or planets called "mercy", "truth", "righteousness" and "peace". If one of those was the Babylonians name for the sun, we have a syzygy!

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